Cargo Accelerations and Instructions
The consequences of inadequate loaded and secured cargo can be devastating and everyone who works with transports has a responsibility to keep damages to people, environment and property to a minimum.
Regarding cargo securing at sea, the rules and regulations are divided into cargo securing to the vessel and cargo securing in cargo transport units. Safe transportation of cargoes requires both of these tasks to be properly performed. The efforts should be guided by applicable international rules and regulations, the structure of which is described in this section.
This section describes the basic principles for cargo securing; the forces that cargo may be exposed to, the movements that may occur during transport and different methods that can be used to prevent the cargo from these movements.
Cargo securing on board is done by using various types of cargo securing equipment and the most common types are described in this section.
This section describes the inspection and maintenance for the cargo securing devices on board the ship.
This section describes the information that can be found in a vessels Cargo Securing Manual.
The CSS Code contains a rule of thumb for estimating the cargo securing requirements for a cargo which is described in this section.
We shall now test the knowledge you have gained from this course with a series of multiple-choice questions.
The consequences of inadequate loaded and secured cargo can be devastating and everyone who works with transports has a responsibility to keep damages to people, environment and property to a minimum.
Regarding cargo securing at sea, the rules and regulations are divided into cargo securing to the vessel and cargo securing in cargo transport units. Safe transportation of cargoes requires both of these tasks to be properly performed. The efforts should be guided by applicable international rules and regulations, the structure of which is described in this section.
This section describes the basic principles for cargo securing; the forces that cargo may be exposed to, the movements that may occur during transport and different methods that can be used to prevent the cargo from these movements.
Cargo securing on board is done by using various types of cargo securing equipment and the most common types are described in this section.
This section describes the inspection and maintenance for the cargo securing devices on board the ship.
This section describes the information that can be found in a vessels Cargo Securing Manual.
The CSS Code contains a rule of thumb for estimating the cargo securing requirements for a cargo which is described in this section.
We shall now test the knowledge you have gained from this course with a series of multiple-choice questions.
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In your vessel's CSM, information about accelerations can be viewed for the various stowage positions onboard - on deck, or below. These accelerations are based on the vessel's main particulars, max GM that can be expected during the voyage, and the service speed of the vessel.
To get the most out of the CSM, it is recommendable that it contains instructions on how the cargo or cargo units that it is transporting onboard should be secured. The instructions should be made in an easy-to-understand format. In the example below, the tables tell the user how many lashings should be used in each case.
If the vessel travels on a shorter voyage, a maximum of 72 hours, and in a certain area, for example, in the North sea, acceleration tables can be made based on the expected wave height in this area. The difference in the number of lashings needed to be compared with lashing arrangements based on a normal voyage can be considerable, which will be shown in the next chapter.
Below is the table of lashings required should the vessel have a GM of 4.0m. Below are the same vehicle lashings required on the same vessel but with a GM of 2.70m. Fewer lashings are required on the more tender vessel (smaller GM) as the vessel motions are expected to be gentler. Therefore there will be smaller acceleration forces enacted on the cargo.
Taking the previous example of a truck being secured, the CSM will also detail the lashing requirements per the tables. The diagram below shows the lashing configurations required when following the recommendations of the tables for securing, dependent on the vessel's state and the expected weather conditions during the voyage.
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